Early in the morning, Cai Heng walked into the headquarters building of China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Group Co., Ltd. As his footsteps echoed through the lobby, the lights above him gradually activated. Outside the glass curtain wall, sunlight was already illuminating the 14,000 square meters of monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels installed on the rooftop and skybridges, according to a People’s Daily's report.

This headquarters building is one of the landmark structures in East Lake High-tech Development Zone, also known as the "Optics Valley of China", in Wuhan, central China's Hubei province. Cai has worked here for many years and knows the building well. Yet since last year, he has begun to notice subtle changes. Stepping into the elevator lobby, Cai pressed the button for the 15th floor. "The elevator was a little jolty when starting and stopping. Now it runs much more smoothly," he said.

The improvement came from newly installed energy-regeneration devices. They not only make elevator operation smoother but also convert potential energy generated during operation into electricity that is fed back into the grid, significantly reducing energy consumption. Back at his workstation, soft natural light poured through the glass curtain wall and spread across Cai's desk. In 2024, a special heat-insulating film was added to the building's glass facade.

It preserves a clear view of the scenery outside while greatly improving thermal insulation. Shi Fei, executive manager of the integrated energy division at City Investment and Operation Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Group Co., Ltd., explained that the film keeps out 72 percent of heat. In summer, it blocks much of the outdoor heat, while in winter it reflects long-wave far-infrared radiation back indoors to retain warmth.

This single measure saves an average of 252,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity annually and reduces carbon dioxide emissions by about 126 tons. At 10 a.m., Cai's department held a project coordination meeting. Although more than a dozen people are seated in the small conference room, the air felt fresh and comfortable. "Today's buildings are smart -- they can 'think,'" Shi said.

With a self-developed zero-carbon smart operation platform, more than 3,000 parameters from systems such as photovoltaics, charging piles, air conditioning, and lighting are integrated. Using the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, the ventilation system monitors indoor carbon dioxide levels and occupancy in real time, adjusting airflow through variable-frequency fans.

This alone cuts carbon emissions by about 87.6 tons per year. At lunchtime, Cai headed to the cafeteria on the basement level. Passing through the skybridge and the ground-floor lobby, he felt a pleasant warmth in the corridors. "In winter, there used to be a chilling draft here," he recalled. With better heating now, does that mean higher energy consumption? The answer is negative.

Liu Li, a technical expert at a green and low-carbon technology research institute of China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Group Co., Ltd., explained the secret behind the lobby's "comfort upgrade." The entrance route and management approach were redesigned, air curtains were installed to block outside air, and in winter the angles of the air-conditioning outlets were adjusted downward while radiant floor heating was activated.

In the first winter after renovation, the lobby temperature rose by about 9 degrees Celsius, while heat retention improved and energy losses were reduced. "Green buildings are not only about energy-saving indicators," Liu said. "They are also about how people inside them actually feel." In the China Construction Technology Industrial Park, where the headquarters building is located, an underground integrated energy station was completed in June 2025.

"We use sewage-source heat pump technology, turning treated wastewater from a nearby wastewater treatment plant into a second energy source," said a Ming, head of the energy station. During cold and damp winters, the wastewater temperature remains between 12 and 16 degrees Celsius, allowing the system to extract heat for space heating. In summer, the process is reversed, with heat released into the wastewater for cooling.

Credit: Independent News Pakistan (INP) — Pak-China